Diagnosis and management of caustic ingestion: an interdisciplinary nationwide cross-sectional survey from the Italian society of endoscopic surgery and new technologies (SICE), the Italian society of digestive endoscopy (SIED), the world society of emergency surgery-Italy chapter (WSESit), and the Italian society of surgical endoscopy and digestive diseases (ISSE)

: Caustic ingestion (CI) in adults represents a potentially life-threatening condition. Diagnosis and management of CI in real life remain challenging. The aim of the survey is to evaluate on a national scale the multidisciplinary management of these patients. 24-item online Survey was sent to the mailing lists and social media of Italian Society of Endoscopic Surgery and New Technologies, Italian Society of Digestive Endoscopy, World Society of Emergency Surgery-Italy Chapter, and Italian Society of Surgical Endoscopy and Digestive Diseases. Overall, 240 subjects answered to the survey, corresponding to 22.1% of the total members of the scientific societies involved. 131 (54.5%) respondents evaluated fewer than ten CI patients per year. The recommendations provided by the WSES and SIED guidelines were followed by 133 (55.2%) and 83 (34.4%) participants, respectively. Emergency surgery was advocated by 180 (77.6%) of the respondents for patients with transmural necrosis or signs of perforation, using minimally invasive surgery in 47% of the cases and considering initial esophagojejunal anastomosis as safe in 33 (14.2%) of the responses. Our study is the first to provide real-life data on how the management of CI varies across Italian physicians, according to regional, institutional, and specialty-related factors. This survey highlights the need for standardized and uniform guidelines.