Twenty-year experience with macro-area school screening for andrological disease in paediatric age

Varicocele, phimosis and undescended testes are the most frequent andrological diseases in paediatric age; varicocele and undescended testes are primary causes of male infertility and the interests of research about these conditions have changed in the last years. The aim of the study was to report our experience after 20 years of macro-area school screening between 2000 and 2020. Data about school screening were reviewed and analysed. Subjects aged between 11 and 14 years underwent andrological visit. During the study period, three main andrological screenings were performed into our macro-area. The distribution of cohorts was different among the screenings. Among andrological diseases, varicocele diagnosis increased especially in the last 10 years. Phimosis was diagnosed less respect the first screening (2000-2001), while at present there were no cases of undescended testes. Our experience reported some interesting data, especially for the higher incidence of varicocele detected on two consecutive school screening; our results demonstrate also the importance and the preventive role of andrological check-up also in paediatric age and adolescence, to reduce the incidence of those diseases affecting the fertility potential.