Economic system entanglement on intra-firm trade portfolios: the impact of counterparty credit ratings on business-to-business credit dynamics

In the last five years, Italy has seen a noticeable and steady increase in the supply of trade credit, granting of extensions, and general systemic business-to-business financial support. Focusing on system entanglement, this paper examines the impact in Italy of bank valuations of creditworthiness and credit intermediation on intra-firm trade portfolio dynamics. We further consider the impacts of exogenous shocks to the economy and other disruptive events on payment regularity and risks of insolvency in intra-firm transactions. Mapping portfolio dynamics to a quantum super-system with a Hamiltonian space of phases, we demonstrate that the performance of intra-firm portfolios depends concurrently on bank valuations and that system entanglement allows us to examine the extent to which economic disruptions shift portfolio dynamics from their state of equilibrium.