Comprehensive Whole Genome Sequencing Dataset of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains Collected Across Italy

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), remains a major global health challenge. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) offers an invaluable tool for understanding the genetic diversity and drug resistance profiles of MTBC. This study provides a comprehensive WGS dataset of 2,520 MTBC isolates collected from four Italian regions—Lombardy, Piedmont, Emilia-Romagna, and Lazio—between 2017 and 2020. The dataset includes genomic data along with associated metadata, such as geographic location and drug susceptibility profiles, providing a robust resource for studying TB epidemiology and transmission dynamics. This collection represents the largest publicly available MTBC WGS dataset from Italy and has been validated to ensure accuracy and completeness. By making this dataset accessible, we aim to support collaborative research, facilitate the exploration of MTBC evolution and drug resistance, and enhance TB surveillance efforts.