Synthesis, Characterisation and Insulin-Mimetic Activity of Oxovanadium(IV) Complexes with Amidrazone Derivatives

The complexation of VO(2+) ion by ten acetamidrazone and 2-phenylacetamidrazone derivatives (L) was studied. Sixteen novel VO(2+) complexes were synthesised and characterised through the combined application of analytical and spectroscopic (EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance), FT-IR and diffuse reflectance electronic absorption) techniques. Eight are 1:2 species of composition [VOL(2)]-SO(4).xH(2)O and eight are 1:1 species with formula [VOL(SO(4))](n).xH(2)O. The experimental data suggest a bidentate coordination mode for L with the donor set formed by the imine nitrogen and the carbonyl oxygen. EPR spectra indicate a square-pyramidal geometry for the 1:1 complexes and a penta-coordinated geometry intermediate between the square-pyramid and the trigonal-bipyramid for the 1:2 species. The hyperfine coupling constant along z axis, A(z), of the 1:2 complexes exhibits a marked reduction with respect to the predicted value (similar to 148 x 10(-4) cm(-1) vs. similar to 170 x 10(-4) cm(-1)). IR spectroscopic evidence supports the presence of sulphate as a counter-ion in the 1:2, and as a bridging bidentate ligand in the 1:1 complexes. Insulin-mimetic tests on modified fibroblasts, based on a modified MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazoliumbromide) assay, performed on three of the bis-chelated and eight of the monochelated derivatives, indicate that they are biologically active. The similar hydro/lipophilicity and the lack of ligand substituents recognizable by cell membrane receptors prevent substantial differentiation in the insulin-mimetic action. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.